Wednesday, December 25, 2019

On Utilitarianism and Kantian Ethics - 1681 Words

1. Introduction There is little doubt that Utilitarianism and Kantian Ethics are by far the two most important ethical theories throughout contemporary philosophy. Though both attempt to answer questions about morality and behavior, the two theories have many fundamental differences: one evaluates actions in terms of the utility they produce whereas the other considers whether actions fulfill duty; one emphasizes consequence where the other highlights intentions; one sees desire as essential while the other precludes it and values reason. For years, philosophers have raised many objections towards each of the two theories, some of which are very compelling. In this paper, I will introduce and explain two famous objections to Classical Utilitarianism and anticipate how a non-utilitarian Consequentialist might try to avoid these problems. I will also describe the basic idea of Kantian Ethics and explain why Kant’s theory is less vulnerable to the harsh criticisms faced by Utilitarianism. 2. Two Objections to Classical Utilitarianism Classical Utilitarianism is the doctrine that an act is morally right if and only if it maximizes overall utility , and that each person’s utility is counted impartially in the calculation. Specifically, Classical Utilitarianism entails three important elements: (1) Consequence is the only criterion in judging whether an action is right or wrong; (2) the net utility (the outcome after precluding total pain from total happiness) is the only thingShow MoreRelatedUtilitarianism And Kantian Ethics Analysis786 Words   |  4 Pagesadhere to. Utilitarianism and Kantian ethics are two systems that provide a way to approach life decisions, big and small. Utilitarianism, nicknamed â€Å"The Greatest Happiness† states that the ethical choice is the choice that yields the greatest amount of happiness for the greatest amount of people. Kantian ethics, also called duty ethics, explains that for any action, people must act according to common principles, with no significance placed on the outcome. The ethical theories, utilitarianism and KantianRead MoreEssay on Utilitarianism And Kantian Ethics1178 Words   |  5 Pages Utilitarianism and Kantian Ethics nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Ethics is one part of philosophy that will always be studied, and like most subjects in philosophy, will never be viewed the same by everyone. There are so many cultures that have so many different beliefs about the way a persons life should be lived out. Things like religion, poverty, and mental health all contribute to our beliefs in ethics. Some people believe that the mental state of a person or the motive for that person committingRead MoreCorporate Welfare And Utilitarianism : Utilitarianism And Kantian Ethics914 Words   |  4 PagesCorporate Welfare and Utilitarianism Case one proclaims that the American economy is failing millions of Americans. In today’s day in age, having a full time job does not guarantee an income above the poverty line. Currently, there are â€Å"80 government assistance programs† which provide working families the means to survive. It is important to note that these programs cost $153 billion annually, and these costs are covered by the government from the tax revenue they receive from hard working AmericansRead MoreKantian Ethics vs. Utilitarianism1714 Words   |  7 Pagesmorality such as John Stuart Mill’s theory of Utilitarianism. In teleological approaches to morality, questions of right and wrong, or the notion what an individual ought to do, are determined by the consequences of a given action. One thinker to reject this idea of consequentialism was Immanuel Kant. In his Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals, Kant endeavors to establish a system of ethics that has no trace of the empirical nature of utilitarianism. To him, â€Å"the moral worth of an action doesRead MoreKantian Ethics vs. Utilitarianism Essay1190 Words   |  5 Pages 1.nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Explain Onora O’neil’s argument for preferring Kantian ethics to Utilitarianism. 2.nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;How would Richard Taylor respond to O’neil’s defense of Kantianism? In the following questions, Onora O’neil defends Kantian ethics while Richard Taylor agrees more with the Utilitarian ethics view. To fully understand both views and why each author defends their view, a brief introduction of each author and who they are is necessary. Onora O’neilRead MoreKantian Deontology, Utilitarianism, And Virtue Ethics1606 Words   |  7 PagesOver the course we’ve studied three ethical theories, those theories are Kantian deontology, utilitarianism, and virtue ethics. These theories focus on different philosophies or views that are used to either explain or make a judgment in regards to what is considered right or wrong in a given situation. To begin with, ethical theories help explain why an individual believes that an action is right or wrong. It gives one an understanding of how an individual chooses to make ethical decisions. WhichRead MoreThe Ethical Theories Of Utilitarianism And Kantian Ethics Essay1650 Words   |  7 PagesIn this essay, I will be discussing an article about a woman who starved her two horses. I will address the issue about whether or not the woman’s action was ethical. I will use the two ethical theories of utilitarianism and Kantian ethics to support my argumen t. I will also suggest a different course of action the woman could have taken to be justified, through both ethical theories. The article follows the story about an Australian woman who breached her duty of care to two horses that she ownedRead MoreThe Schiavos, Rule Utilitarianism, and Kantian Ethics Essay1269 Words   |  6 PagesRui Chaves The Schiavos, Rule Utilitarianism, and Kantian Ethics The case of â€Å"The Schiavos† is focused primarily on one member of the family, which is Terri Schiavo. Terri had been in a coma for 13 years. Although, â€Å"no one is completely sure what happened but the best guess is she suffered a heart attack† (Pierce, 64) presumably caused by her bulimia. Due to the severity of her heart attack, it left Terri with severe brain damaged which in turn left her in a persistent vegetative state which leavesRead MoreKantian Ethics And Utilitarianism Are At Variance On Issues Of Morality1992 Words   |  8 PagesKantian ethics and utilitarianism are at variance on issues of morality and do share a similar end goal on what general ethical outcomes in solving the ills of the world. These two philosophical thoughts examine nature of morality with variant theories. As Kantian ethics are based on the theories propagated by German philosopher Immanuel Kant, utilitarianism on the other hand as has been projected by Jeremy Bentham and John S tuart Mills and many others who share in this school of thought. In thisRead MoreDifference Between Virtue Ethics, Kantian And Utilitarianism977 Words   |  4 Pages258). Virtue ethics then is concerned with what makes a person virtuous versus vicious when it comes to making moral decisions, with emotions playing an important role. In this paper, I support Aristotle’s emphasis on emotions as a key to being virtuous, especially since emotions tell us what is important and motivate us to act (Shafer-Landau, 2015, p. 257-258). Before we get to the premises of my argument, I would like to distinguish the difference between virtue ethics, Kantian deontology and

Monday, December 16, 2019

America Is A Great Nation - 959 Words

As a native born American citizen, I am blessed. Blessed with freedom of speech, with freedom of religion, and with the ability to pursue happiness. Because of this American privilege, I am grateful, but I am ignorant. America is a great nation, but because we cannot fully comprehend what it may be like to be born without privilege, we have become selfish. If it is beneficial, America severely chastises and punishes any for the commitment of atrocities against ourselves and others, but when not directly affected, America ignores atrocities committed in other countries, even when committed by us. Joseph Stalin once said,â€Å"When one man dies, that’s a tragedy. When thousands die, it’s a statistic.† Large numbers in this regard can provide a strange sense of comfort because numbers don’t feel like people. With numbers, comes distance. To truly understand the severity of any situation, we must take in account the statistics and numbers. But we cannot forget what is precious. On September 11th, 2001, a horrific act of terror struck our nation to the core. Fear, devastating and humbling, lodged into our blessed lives. Over 2,800 American civilians were murdered in cold blood when two planes were hijacked and flown directly into the twin towers (Anderson 3). This atrocious event caused the entire country to mourn for its loss, and as American citizens, it is impossible to ignore the destruction of such an event. In such dreadful times, it is difficult to comprehend the magnitude ofShow MoreRelatedThe Great Impact On Native American Nation And The United States Of America1767 Words   |  8 Pagesuncivilized we as a people can become. However, the greatest and most crucial feud of all was between the entire Native American Nation and the United States of America. This war of hate and disrespect towards tribes of people and their culture is uncalled for and has left a stain that will last forever in time. We choose not to realize the great impact it had on the Native American Nation, and most of what really happened is not mentioned in the text books that we have today. Instead we focus more on the threeRead MoreThe War Between America And America888 Words   |  4 Pages1800-1900 America had gone through a series of some tough growing pains. It was recovering from its first war with Britain and would not be its last battle, for this newly formed country. The over whelming onslaught of war w as just the start of this small country’s birth. Within the 1800’s there were 35 wars in America’s history and it was needing to prove its worth by each one. You will see reasons why a young country had to fight to save itself, what effects these battles had on America, and theRead MoreThe Sovereignty Solution By Simons, Mcgraw And Lauchengco Essay1739 Words   |  7 PagesSolution is the book of choice that was evaluated. This book presents to the readers a radical way to deal with strategy – a persuasive, credible and clear contention recommending a basic and significant move in the way Americans characterize their nation s strategy. The authors perceive that despite their considerations and recommendations are not the truly the ultimate solution, they may in any event awaken some truly needed debate relating to the issue. All through the content, the authors constructRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book American Exceptionalism Essay1177 Words   |  5 Pa gesAmerica is truly without a doubt seen as the land of opportunity. The way that America has evolved from the beginning of it’s time to now, is quite astounding. America went from a nation that held slavery to a nation that fights for equality. Although many use the word exceptionalism in various forms. Some say that exceptionalism is deemed as wonderful, others might say that it’s a mission. The concept of exceptionalism is seen as a great thing, one that many feel so patriotic about. While thoseRead MoreWorld War II And The Great Depression1658 Words   |  7 PagesUnited Nations helped negotiate and maintain peace, and during the war more jobs helped get the United States out of its biggest economic crisis, the Great Depression. Although, some economists argue that by creating more jobs during World War II, put America into even more debt than the country was already in. Standards of living lessened during the end of the Depression and the start of the war, but p eople understood the changed lifestyle was for a good cause. During World War II, The Great DepressionRead MoreI Thank The Great Creator For Bringing Us All Together1208 Words   |  5 Pagesbrothers, I thank the great creator for bringing us all together today in a time of such great importance for the future of the Cherokee Nation. The Cherokee are a great and ancient people. Our great ancestors together settled our nation at the beginning, coming from beyond the great waters, to our land that surrounds what the white’s now call the Appalachian mountains. Our lands were great, vast, and provided everything our ancestors needed as a Nation. Together as one people, one Nation, we took care ofRead MoreThe Articles Of Confederation And The Constitution Of The United States1096 Words   |  5 PagesThe Articles of Confederation was the first order of government established within the United States of America from March 1st, 1781 and lasted until March 4th, 1789. This written d ocument established the functions of the national government of the United States after gaining independence from Great Britain. In order to not follow in the footsteps of Great Britain and become a tyranny, the Articles of Confederation declared that each state was independent and sovereign; each state had an absoluteRead MoreAmerica s First Great Depression : Economic Crisis And Political Disorder Essay856 Words   |  4 Pages Alasdair Roberts book entitled America s First Great Depression: Economic Crisis and Political Disorder After The Panic of 1837 introduces the reader to challenges the United States dealt with in terms of economic and political crisis. He thoroughly entails the drastic decline the nation witnessed shortly after The Panic of 1837 which he coined the start of America s first Great Depression. Alasdair Roberts is a well known Canadian professor at the Truman School of Public Affairs. He frequentlyRead MoreCompare And Contrast The Gettysburg Address And I Have A Dream Speech1065 Words   |  5 Pagesthe informative Gettysburg Address and the I Have a Dream speech. These two powerful leaders used their speeches to share their visions of America and to persuade the population to join their respective causes. Both speeches, the Gettysburg Address and I Have a Dream, have numerous similarities between them. The leaders both share their visions of America throughout both speeches. First, both men had strong leadership positions. They both were strong figures in the Civil Rights movement, alongRead MoreThe Great Depression And The Beginning Of World War II1663 Words   |  7 PagesUnited Nations helped negotiate and maintain peace, and during the war more jobs helped get the United States out of its biggest economic crisis, the Great Depression. Although, some economists argue that by creating more jobs during World War II, put America into even more debt than the country was already in. Standards of living lessened during the end of the Depression and the start of the war, but people understood the changed lifestyle was for a good cause. During World War II, The Great Depression

Sunday, December 8, 2019

Dynamic Range

Question: Discuss about the Dynamic Range. Answer: Dynamic range is a way of describing a range of light intensities from darkest shadows to brightest highlighted parts. (Diaz 2014). Dynamic range gives the ratio between maximum and minimum light that can be measured; white and black respectively. It is determined by EV-Exposure Value. In photography, some scenes may have a wide dynamic range (ratio between maximum and maximum light) while other have narrow have narrower exposure value. (McCollough 2008, p.152). Changes in the size of dynamic range can cause an image taken to be either very gray or very black and white. This is because dynamic range operates more on weaker noise and acts less on the strong echoes. (McCollough 2008, p.160). This is attributed to the fact that weak echoes give reflectors that are small and reveal texture and noise that has no diagnostic value. The wider the dynamic range of the imaging machine, the more information it will capture. On the other hand, the narrower the dynamic range the lesser information captured by the imaging machine used. However, the contrast of the two images taken will differ. (Marcus 2015).The more the information captured by a camera, the lesser the contrast between the features of the image. (Marcus 2015).That means that the wider the dynamic range the lesser the contrast of the image while the narrower the image the sharper the contrast of the image features captured. (Upstate Medical University 2014). Wider dynamic Range (Upstate Medical University 2014). Narrower dynamic Range (Upstate Medical University 2014). Reference Diaz, R 2014, An introduction to High Dynamic Range HDR and its Support within H.265/HEVC Standard Extension, viewed 6th April 2017, https://www.google.com/url?sa=trct=jq=esrc=ssource=webcd=1cad=rjauact=8ved=0ahUKEwiA4sSVzZTTAhUcR48KHc1PCdoQFggbMAAurl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.slideshare.net%2Fxinhxinhqua_678%2Fhigh-dynamic-range-an-introductionusg=AFQjCNG2SrjXci6brlWCAYqAFHifSvpMcAsig2=BMg6EF_gZYgokslg-l-djwbvm=bv.152174688,d.c2I Marcus. H 2015, Dynamic Range in Photography: How to capture all the tones in a Scene, Techradar, viewed 6th April 2017, https://www.techradar.com/how-to/photography-video-capture/cameras/dynamic-range-in-photography-how-to-capture-all-the-tones-in-a-scene-1320985 McCollough, F 2008. Complete Guide to High Dynamic Range Digital Photography, Pixiq, New York. Upstate Medical University 2014, Effects of Changing X-ray Tube Voltage, viewed 7th April 2017, https://www.upstate.edu/radiology/education/rsna/radiography/kvp.php

Sunday, December 1, 2019

Trace Edna Pontellier’s awakening Essay Example For Students

Trace Edna Pontellier’s awakening Essay Edna awakening comes very soon in the story, because first of all Edna never feels connect to the wealthy Creoles of New Orleans. The whole life style of the Creoles just never fits to her and the type of person she is. Then on vacation, Edna starts to fall for a man named, Robert Lebrun. The mean part of her awakening is when she’s on the beach and she realizes that she’s is an individual. With her new feelings she starts to spend more time on herself like learning how to swim and disregards her children. After Robert left, she finds two new friends as well as a new house. With the new pigeon-house that she loves dearly, Edna also gets a new man Alcee Arobin. Alcee Arobin gives Edna passion like know other man had did before, but she still love Robert. When seeing Robert again at her friend’s house, their love starts all over again. The awakening of Edna was that she has her own mind to do as she pleases, the individual part of her was dyeing to get out. We will write a custom essay on Trace Edna Pontellier’s awakening specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Characterize Monsieur pontellier, Adele Ratignolle, Mademoiselle Reisz, Robert Lebrun, Alcee Arrobin. Monsieur pontellier is the husband of Edna; he is a Creole man. He thinks that it’s the wife’s job to take career of the children and the house. Adele Ratignolle is one of the women of Creole; she is very different from Edna. Adele lives her life for here children, just like must Creole women do. Adele careers so much about her children that she can understand how Edna could say that she â€Å"would never sacrifice herself for her children, or for anyone† (Chopin, p. 47). Mademoiselle Reisz who is a great painter on the island, but the people of the island do not respect her. She is the cup that wholes Edna together after her break up from her love. The reason that Edna likes Mademoiselle is because that she is so bold and eccentric. Robert Lebrun, a young man how attaches himself to Edna Pontellier during the summer and unexpectedly grows quite attached to her. He tries to distance himself from her by going to Vera Cruz, and he tries to be honorable by not always reciprocating Edna’s advances. Alcee Arobin is a man how has a affair with Edna after Robert.

Tuesday, November 26, 2019

bad effect of technology to children Essays

bad effect of technology to children Essays bad effect of technology to children Essay bad effect of technology to children Essay Technology Assurance Student Research Paper Contest Computer technology is embedded in our Western society in a way that the majority of people seem to forget that it is a relatively new development. The mainstream of this society has quickly adopted computer technology as part of their daily life, and in doing so openened up to all the possibilities this technology has to offer. The ever growing group of elderly people (age 60 and older) in our society, which will grow from being 20 per cent of the population in developed countries to being 32 per cent y 2050 [1], seems to have been forgotten in this matter. With this growth and the fact that we all grow older in mind, the opportunities that computer technology could give this group should be considered. The ongoing advance of technology suggests that younger peoples experience with computers will not be a curcial advantage when they grow older. It is not hard to imagine that, looking at a random website or imput devices such as the mouse and keyboard, elderly people might have trouble in using them. Heller et al. 2] say about aging: As people grow older, their abilities change. This change inludes a decline in cognitive, physical and sensory functions, each of which will decline at different rates relative to one another for each individual. This makes it hard to define the elderly as one consistent group, and presents a challenge for designers of computer technology. Facing this challenge, however, can ultimately provide benefits for both elderly people and the society. I have chosen to write this essay about computer technology and elderly people ecause, as a student in Information Science, I have the opinion that it does not get enough attention from Information Science students. It is a subject that offers great potential in helping people in a all sorts of ways with and trough the use of computers, therefore standing out against the business-focused majority of research subjects in Information Science. This paper will describe the effects of computer technology on elderly people, and give an outline of possibilities in this area. First age-related changes and their effects on computer use 2 by elderly people will be described.

Friday, November 22, 2019

Definition and Examples of Estuary English

Definition and Examples of Estuary English Estuary English is a contemporary variety of British English: a mixture of non-regional and southeastern English pronunciation, grammar, and vocabulary, which is thought to have originated around the banks of the River Thames and its estuary. Also known as  Cockneyfied RP and Nonstandard Southern English. In some of its features (but not all), Estuary English is related to the traditional Cockney dialect and accent  spoken by people living in the East End of London. The term Estuary English was  introduced by British linguist David Rosewarne in 1984. Examples and Observations Emma Houghton[Paul] Coggle [lecturer in modern languages at the University of Kent] predicts that Estuary English (think Jonathan Ross) will eventually take over from RP. Estuary already predominates in the South East and has apparently spread as far north as Hull.John CraceNot so long ago some academics argued that estuary English (or non-standard southern English, as linguistics experts prefer to call it) was, thanks to TV shows such as EastEnders, slowly taking over the whole country and that some northern accentsparticularly Glaswegianwere being diluted. But [Jonnie] Robinson [curator of English accents and dialects at the British Library] points out that this latest version of the imperialist south has turned out to be a false alarm.There is no doubt the London dialect we have come to call estuary has spread out across the south-east, he says, but research has shown that northern accents and dialects have withstood its spread. Characteristics of Estuary English Linda ThomasFeatures of Estuary English include the glottalisation (replacing t with a glottal stop, as in butter pronounced as buh-uh), pronunciation of th as f or v as in mouth pronounced as mouf and mother pronounced as muvver, the use of multiple negation, as in I aint never done nothing, and the use of the non-standard them books instead of those books.Louise Mullany and Peter StockwellOne popular explanation for the development of Estuary English put forward by linguists including David Crystal (1995) is that RP is going through a process of casualisation at the same time as Cockney speakers are experiencing social mobility and thus moving away from the most stigmatized variety.Estuary English is seen by sociolinguists as evidence that a process known as dialect leveling is taking place, as certain features from this southeast variety have been witnessed spreading across the country...From a grammatical perspective, Estuary English speakers will omit the -ly adverbial ending as in Youre moving too quick . . .. There is also usage of what is known as the confrontational tag question (a construction added to a statement) such as I told you that already didnt I. The Queens English Susie DentJonathan Harrington, Professor of Phonetics at the University of Munich, conducted a thorough acoustic analysis of the Queens Christmas broadcasts, and concluded that Estuary English, a term coined in the 1980s to describe the spread of Londons regional pronunciation features to counties adjoining the river, might well have had an influence on Her Majestys vowels. In 1952 she would have been heard referring to thet men in the bleck het. Now it would be that man in the black hat, the article notes. Similarly, she would have spoken of . . . hame rather than home. In the 1950s she would have been lorst, but by the 1970s lost.

Thursday, November 21, 2019

Executive Summary of Cyber Crime Task Force Plan Research Paper

Executive Summary of Cyber Crime Task Force Plan - Research Paper Example St. Luis just like any other organization has in the last decade faced huge challenges that relate to its online data. The changing trends incorporate defenses which counter several web crimes. These also include various changes in the development of high level software interfaces that are capable of defining notable developments in commercial web servers. Cyber security is a process that is carried out to protect computer systems from attacks, including protecting data from unauthorized access, use, transfer, disclosure or modification and this could either be intentional or accidental. Cyber attack takes several forms, notably from an internal network, public systems but the research done by Rogers, (2001) indicate that major cybercrimes are related to the use of internet. The scope of cyber crime is wide and businesses are repeatedly faced by attacks, making them victims of various kinds of security threats. In many countries, cyber crime has been criminalized and though computers are widely used to commit cyber crimes, governments have a responsibility to protect individuals and property against cyber threats, Gordon et al, (2006). According to Babu et al, (2004) unauthorized access to authenticated information has more than doubled in the last decade, estimates stating that from 2004 to 2011, break-ins have risen by over 150%. The greatest cyber crime threats that St. Louis County is currently facing Various research statistics indicate that St. Louis County reported huge capital losses which are attributed to attack on its major databases and subsequently leading to mass loss of data. Ideally, the changing provisions which are significantly based on application of IT platforms also explain that structural formation hugely contributes to cybercrimes. Ideally, IT platform also extinguishes transactions and processes that are adequately managed through a set of interfaces which are based on aided technologies that theoretically exhibit changing trends within the societal perspectives. The application of cyber crime prevention framework according to Rapaille (2007 is indicatively based on set of cultured codes that broadly classify the operational characteristics of the technological inference associated with web crime technologies. The analytical application is measured using a series of forecasts and merged technologies (Weil, 2008) which are based on diverse business values. The external factors through which cyber crime functionalities are measured explain three consequential architectural frameworks of the web crime technology. Derivatives of distributive building blocks/models that exhibit low level deployment perspectives User projections and implementation forecasts as a system model establishment base. (O’Reilly, 2005) Web redesign aspirations with sustainable business model establishments. The user profiles and software management developments that are based on elastic business models create the terminological relevance of the technology Which three types of cyber crime will be the top priorities for the task f The technological implementation of cyber crime control technology and its mainstream global relevance has been managed by changing trends within the competitive global markets (David, 2008). This is illustrated by the operational compatibility of its systemic units with enhanced technological preference among its

Tuesday, November 19, 2019

Exam questions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Exam questions - Essay Example Each division in the larger firm is responsible for the maximisation of its profits and production. The central office overlooks the other divisions with the primary responsibility for formulating the overall strategy for the entire business but not directly controlling the operations at the divisional levels. Large firms have adopted the M-form as opposed to the traditional Unitary structure (U-form) in which the operations of the business are centrally managed with no independence given to any sub-division. While Chandler’s multidivisional form advocates for growth through diversification across industries, markets and products, Williamson’s M-form does not make any reference to diversification. The multidivisional form explained by Chandler supports the delegation of complete power and authority to the divisions while that of Williamson is for the retention of control by the management at the major company. The advantage of the M-form over other divisional structures is based on its ability to combine the economies of scale and different brand benefits of a large collection while maintaining the operational flexibility. It provides the central optimisation level within a company (Besanko, 2010). Unlike other divisional structures, the M-form solves the dilemma of the differences observable in profit maximisation strategies, business needs, and output across the divisions when organisations grow to be too large. Each group, with its independence and flexibility, can be kept in the centralised profit maximisation expectation. Williamson proposes a perfect coordination between the general direction of the business and the daily operations of the divisions under the M-form structure. However, there lies a limitation on the wide adoption of the M-form that arises from Williamson’s requirements for this divisional structure. The largest

Sunday, November 17, 2019

Inspector Goole Essay Example for Free

Inspector Goole Essay Inspector Goole behaves in a very blunt way. He doesnt waist any time he just gets straight to the point. He has an amazing way of not even having to say anything or ask everyone will just blurt out the answer to him. To do this he uses direct questions. This puts people of balance and they tell all. He also can tell things from the facial expressions. The Inspector uses a really interesting technique with the photograph of Eva Smith. He will only show one person at a time, he doesnt show them all at once. However, while reading the script many of us were thinking is this really a photo of the same girl? Or is it even a photograph. Inspector Goole could really be using a dramatic device to show the Birlings and make them look at themselves with disgust. I think it is a bit strange that the Inspector never shows the photo to them all at once, this make me think that either it is a photo of a different girl or in fact not a photograph at all. I think that this was not a photograph the inspector was showing but a mirror. To make them look closely at them selves, exam themselves with disgust and hatred. When they look in the mirror maybe they dont only see themselves, they could see everything they have done in a quick glimpse, maybe they see Eva Smiths face, staring back at them crying in pain and agony. I think the mirror is a good theory. This would explain why each one of them had a different reaction to the photograph. As they are really seeing themselves and are each reacting with more or less awareness of what they have done. The inspector is not there to destroy their lives. He does not want to ruin them he just wants them to realize what they are doing and change it before it too late. He has a sort of sympathy towards Sheila the youngest child. He does not want to destroy her and make her think that it was all her fault, he just wants to help her And if she leaves us now and doesnt hear anymore then she will fear she is entirely to blame. The inspector doesnt want her to feel any blame on Evas death, he just wants her to realize she had an impact on Eva Smiths death, so that she can teach herself respect towards others. Inspector Goole only seems off hand with Mr. and Mrs. Birling. It is as if he wants them to set a good example to their children and change the way they are. I think the inspector does feel sympathy towards the children as he realizes they are only like this as this is how their parents brought them up. There is no possible way that you can take advantage of Inspector Goole.  He knows exactly what he is doing. He talks about Eva Smith/ Daisy Renton quite kind and sympathetic, showing that he has affection for her.  The Inspector appears to be really successful. The way that he squeezes information out of people, hardly having to say a word himself. He has a way that he will just make them feel so bad about themselves that they spill out all the information. Also, he keeps on coming back to the point he has asked until he has squeezed all the information he possibly could out. So, the inspector does appear to be successful with getting information out about the death. However, is this really what he is trying to be successful with? If he is trying to make them realize what they have done was he successful? I think that on some members of the family they really did realize what they had done. Shelia, for example, she felt really bad about what she had done and so did Eric. So the Inspector was successful teaching them a lesson. Mr. and Mrs. Birling however, felt that they had nothing to do with the death and that they were not to blame at all. They were so stubborn they couldnt even realize they were the worst out of all of them. The Inspector was more successful with the information about Eva Smith. Although I think that the ending would have left all of them realizing what they had done, so the Inspector was successful, even if the Birlings would not admit to being in the wrong. The Inspector has a different impression and impact/effect on each one of the characters. This is due to the fact of the different characteristics of the charters, and how responsible they feel about the death.  Mr. Birling is rather annoyed with the Inspectors surprise visit, because he was celebrating his daughters engagement and feels that having an Inspector question him will ruin his chance of being on the New years Honors list. Mr. Birling also feels that the death is his problem at all and that he should have nothing to do with it. This however is entirely wrong, as he was the one that started of the chain reaction that led Eva Smith to her devastating death. Mrs. Birling reacts really stubbornly. She feels that the Inspector was rude towards her, and she too does not see why the Inspector is bringing her in to this as has far as she can see, she was not to blame at all for the death.  The Inspector has a big effect on Sheila. He claims that he often makes a great impression on the younger ones, We often do on the younger ones, they are more impressionable. Sheila is the only one who really hears what the Inspector is actually saying, and feels great sympathy and regret about what had happened. She is not to scared to admit to the Inspector that she knows she was in the wrong, no other character was brave/stronger enough to do this. The Inspectors theory about the younger ones must be correct. Gerald does not seem to have much of an effect from the Inspector. He seems quite calm about the whole situation, but then the Inspector is a bit nicer towards Gerald as he was the only one who made Eva Smith happy. Gerald leaves half way through the dinner. The biggest effect that the Inspector has on Gerald is that he breaks up their engagement by informing Sheila that Gerald had been having an affair. Gerald almost does not trust the Inspector and sees through his sneaking little ways, as later he questions people about Inspector Goole actually being an Inspector. Eric Birling, also one of the younger one, has a big effect from the Inspector. He realizes what he had done, and is angry with him self for not being able to help Eva and his baby, he also is mad with himself for stealing money from his father. He is feeling great regret about his actions. The Inspector makes Eric feel as if he killed his own child. Eric is very hurt and angry with himself.  The Inspector was trying to effect the Birlings life as he is trying to teach them a lesson about how to behave with others. He said that they have an effect on the younger ones, Sheila and Eric were the only Birlings who actually realized what they had done. The Inspector probably did change their lives. However, Mr. and Mrs. Birling did not feel any different after the Inspectors visit, as they are too stubborn to see they are in the wrong. This is quite sad as they were the main problem and they brought their children up that way, treating others badly, but they can not do a thing to change themselves.

Thursday, November 14, 2019

Christ :: essays research papers

Christ: VICTORY!! "It is finished!" John 19:30. What Christ is referring to here is the accomplished salvation of the people. What that means is that when we are saved, we do not have to put out burnt sacrifices up to Him. It is no longer needed because Christ died for us, which took away the iniquities of our sin. He did this out of great love for us. This is exemplified in John 3:16 "For God so loved the world that he gave his only begotten son that who so ever belief in him shall have eternal life!". That verse is very important to us, or should be, because in a way, one could base his/her relationship with the Lord upon it. The reason is because God loved us so much that he did that for us so that is the least that we could do. In Genesis 3:15 it says that we will be punished for our sins. Yes, that is true, but God will forgive and forget them if we repent. You see this is not possible without Jesus dying for our sins. In Romans 5:6-8 it says that Christ died for all of us. Even the bad ones, ALL. This is a sign of the Victory that Christ had won a victory here. The reason is because of all of the lives that he saved and will later be saved. In Romans 5 it says that Jesus died for All Sinners! We are all sinners so his death was for all. When Jesus says that "It is finished", he can also be referring to the older predictions of Christ’s' life. There is one in particular that it might have been talking about in Isaiah. That is the one in which Isaiah talks of the life of Jesus and the crucifixion, in very short and brief detail. The suffering in which Jesus took for us lasted all through the night, and then in the morning a sword was thrusted into His side to see if he was alive. After the water poured out of His side, you can say that it is officially over. In my heart it is not completely over, just that of that era. Jesus will always live in my heart and not until the very end times is it over in my heart. When the life of Jesus was over, at the same exact time God tore the cloth in the temple from the top to the bottom. The reason it had to have been God is that no one would be capable of tearing it from the top.

Tuesday, November 12, 2019

Gambling research essay Essay

Gambling refers to the play of any game where there is money, or something of value at stake. There are many different forms of gambling including horse races, lotteries, casinos, scratch cards, stock market betting, and even more recently internet gambling. Although these games are meant for recreational use, the thrill of gambling causes some people to become so involved in it that they become dependent on gambling. The effects of gambling can cause damage psychologically, be very harmful to one’s social life and can also cause many physical damages. Gambling addiction and pathological gambling is not always seen as dangerous as other addictions like substance abuse but it can in fact be a very damaging addiction to many aspects of life and should be considered a major health problem. Not everyone who gambles has a gambling addiction or even has the capability of being addicted to gambling. The majority of people who gamble do not have an addiction and simply do it for recreational purposes. But there is a small percentage of people who gamble who are considered problem gamblers or pathological gamblers. Pathological gamblers is described as, â€Å"Pathological gambling is characterized by chronic and irresistible impulses to gamble, with consequent gambling compromises and disruptions to family, personal and vocational pursuits. † (Coman, Burrows & Evans, 1997) This addiction causes the gambler to gamble very frequently, often times they will begin to make bigger and bigger bets and receiving feelings of anxiety or depression when they are not gambling. Pathological gambling can also include gambling to recover losses from previous gambling episodes, lying to family members to try and hide their habits, committing criminal acts to obtain money for gambling and relying on others to provide money to relieve them from their financial situation. This is a very serious addiction and should be considered a major health problem because it can negatively affect many serious aspects of an individual’s life. There are many different influences and gateways that can lead to gambling and even a gambling addiction. Although things like scratch cards may not seem like much of a threat to becoming an addiction, they can intrigue the thought of winning money purely by chance which is a dangerous mindset to have. Another factor that can lead to a gambling addiction is the link between the proximity from the casino and gambling participation. Living close to a casino causes much more accessibility and can add to the possibility of gaining an addiction, â€Å"additional gambling opportunities due to the presence of a casino increase the prevalence of gambling-related problems for people who live close to a casino, as compared with people who live far from one. †(Sevigny, Ladouceur, Jacques & Cantinotti, 2008)People who live closer to the casino are much more likely to just â€Å"drop by† and play a few hands rather than people who live farther and have to make an evening of it. Accessibility can have a large impact on gaining an addiction to gambling. Also, the recent popularity of poker has a huge impact on the view of gambling for younger people. Poker has become very popular in our society today and is televised quite frequently showing these players not only making a living from this game of chance, but becoming millionaires. Some of these players are seen as celebrities who can cause some younger audiences to look up to them and strive to be like them. These aspects do not directly lead to a gambling problem but they can definitely help lead to one. Technology has become a large contributory factor to problem gambling. As stated earlier, accessibility can have a large impact on gaining an addiction to gambling and the technology of internet has brought accessibility of gambling to a whole new level. Gambling over the internet should be a major concern because the increase in gambling opportunities gives the potential for an increase in problem gamblers. Research evidence in other countries has clearly shown that: â€Å"where accessibility of gambling is increased there is an increase not only in the number of regular gamblers but also an increase in the number of problem gamblers. † (Griffiths, 1999) Internet gambling websites has dramatically increased this accessibility which will in turn increase the number of people gambling. Not everyone is susceptible to becoming a problem gambler, but the more people gambling, the more people who have the chance of becoming addicted. The popularity of internet gambling is on the rise with its easy accessibility and quickness. This popularity itself cannot lead to a gambling addiction but a number of the more popular poker players on television often promote different gambling websites where anyone of any age can play poker online. The websites allow someone to play in tournaments, play with friends and play with fake money or even real money. They are very appealing to people of all ages and easily accessible all the time which makes them a threat to contributing to problem gamblers and youth gambling. When someone suffers from problem gambling, it is not only that individual that is affected but their family, friends and community as well. There can be some positive aspects of gambling in terms of the social effects of gambling. Gambling can be seen as a recreation, a break from their problems of everyday life and a nice night out. Yet these positive effects only exist if gambling is done in moderation. Once gambling becomes a habit and a necessity is where the negative impacts arrive. Often, it’s those close to the pathological gambler that suffer the most. Constant gambling takes time away from family, friends and other activities. If gambling becomes a problem, it can cause loss of trust between individuals and family members which can lead to family related problems and even divorce. Generally, the social problems begin with borrowing of money to support their addiction. At this point, many friends and family may lose touch with the gambler. Being distanced from those who are closest can cause desperation which may lead to criminal activity. Pathological gambling can become so severe that they can resort to criminal activity in a last effort to support their financial needs. People are more likely to commit crime without thinking of the consequences when they are in a desperation mindset which is what can happen after a big loss due to gambling. Supporters for the spread of legalized gambling make claims about economic growth and more jobs but opponents have a strong case saying, â€Å"†¦ various forms of street crimes, such as robberies and automobile thefts, come with gambling, as well as problems with connections to organized crime†¦ The majority of Wisconsin problem gamblers in treatment that were interviewed in Thompson et al. (1999) admitted to crimes as a result of their gambling activity, primarily property crimes. † (Gazel, Rickman & Thompson, 2001) Pathological gamblers reach a point where there are no options left so they have to resort to illegal means to support themselves displaying the severity and control that a gambling addiction can have. Having a gambling addiction does not just affect someone economically or socially but it can deeply affect them psychologically. Once a pathological gambler is down money, they will make bets to try and regain that money that they have lost. Instead of cutting their losses, they get deeper into debt, preoccupying themselves with gambling, determined to win big to repay their loans and solve all their problems (Griffiths, 2001). A very dangerous way of thinking is the â€Å"what if I win† mentality. This way of thinking is especially dangerous because then they are more prone to make bigger bets with money they may not have to lose so they can receive bigger rewards. A large factor for whether someone develops this addiction has a lot to do with their personality. The type of personality someone has can have on whether or not someone develops a gambling addiction or not. Gambling is characterized by an â€Å"unrealistic optimism by the gambler† (Griffiths, 2001). For the most part people believe that optimism is a good way to live life by always seeing the positive things instead of dwelling on the negatives. Optimists are known to be less likely to suffer from depression symptoms following a stressful event and seem to have more psychological benefits when compared to pessimists. Although in terms of gambling, optimism can be counterproductive, â€Å"Optimists may be especially susceptible to maintaining illusory gambling expectations. Because of their generalized expectations for success, optimists may approach gambling with the belief that they can win. † (Gibson & Sanbonmatsu, 2004) Optimists may also have a tendency to look at the positive aspects in a situation which may prolong their gambling thinking that they will win it all back. Also, people who are risk takers are more prone to gambling addiction than someone who is more conservative. Not everyone is susceptible to becoming a pathological gambler and a great deal of the matter has to do with their personality type and how they look at different negative situations. Having a gambling addiction not only affects one’s social life but it can have a great impact on your mind and even cause physical difficulties. Pathological gamblers often suffer from stress-related disorders such as depression, insomnia, intestinal disorders and migraines. Health problems do not only occur from the gambling itself but a significant amount of people suffer problems from the withdrawal, â€Å"Rosenthal and Lesieur (1992) found that at least 65 percent of pathological gamblers reported at least one physical side-effect during withdrawal including insomnia, headaches, upset stomach, loss of appetite, physical weakness, heart racing, muscle aches, breathing difficulty and/or chills. † (Griffiths, 2001) It was also found that pathological gamblers experienced more physical withdrawal effects when attempting to stop than substance abusers who are attempting to quit. This is quite astonishing and again proves why gambling addiction is a very serious matter and should be considered just as much of a health problem as addiction to alcohol or other substances. Pathological gambling can cause great psychological damage and can cause people to do irrational things after a big loss which can sometimes even lead to suicide. Pathological gambling and suicide have been known to have a link to each other. Suicidal attempts among pathological gamblers are much more frequent than among the general public. The American Psychiatric Association did a study that with these results, â€Å"Of individuals in treatment for Pathological Gambling, 20% are reported to have attempted suicide, (American Psychiatric Association (APA))† (Penfold, Hatcher, Sullivan & Collins, 2006) For many gamblers, coping with the negative emotions relating to their issues in their life can be overwhelming. Feelings of shame, hopelessness and failure may be hard to bear which sometimes makes suicide seem like the best solution for their problems. The damage to the mental aspects is one of the reasons that make pathological gambling so dangerous. The act of gambling and casinos is a very controversial topic. There are some positive aspects to the casino and gambling that include a source of jobs and economic development. Gambling is meant to be for recreational use on occasion but it can also be very dangerous. Certain people with certain personality types and lifestyles may be prone to becoming a pathological gambler. The effects of pathological gambling can cause a lot of harm psychologically, destroy someone’s social and family life, cause physical damage to themselves which can even lead to their death. Gambling addiction may not be seen as dangerous or likely to happen as other addictions but the results from being a pathological gambler can be just as harmful as other addictions and should be considered just as much as a serious health issue as everything else. References: Griffiths, M. (1999). Gambling Technologies: Prospects for Problem Gambling. Journal of Gambling Studies, vol.15, no. 3, p. 265-283. Griffiths, M. (2001). Gambling: An Emerging Area of Concern for Health Psychologists. Journal of Psychology, vol. 6, no. 5, p. 477-479. Gibson, B. , & Sanbonmatsu, D. (2004). Optimism, Pessimism, and Gambling: The Downside of Optimism. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, vol. 30, no. 2, pp. 149-160. Coman, J. , Burrows, G. , & Evans, B. (1997). Stress and Anxiety as Factors in the Onset of Problem Gambling: Implications for Treatment. Stress Medicine, Vol. 13, no. 4, p. 235-244. Sevigny, S. , Ladouceur, R. , Jacques, C. , & Cantinotti, M. (2008). Links between Casino Proximity and Gambling Participation, Expenditure, and Pathology. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, vol. 22, no. 2, p. 295-301. Penfold, A. , Hatcher, S. , Sullivan, S. , & Collins, N. (2006) Gambling Problems and Attempted Suicide. Part 1. High Prevalence amongst Hospital Admissions. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, vol. 4, no. 3, p. 265-272. Gazel, R. , Rickman, D. , & Thompson, W. (2001) Casino Gambling and Crime: a Panel Study of Wisconsin Counties. Managerial and Decision Economics, vol. 22, no. 1-3, p. 65-75.

Saturday, November 9, 2019

Getting Started on Your Essay Essay

1 Write a thesis statement. Your thesis should state the main point you are arguing in your essay and the main supporting arguments in the order you are going to make them. It should be from one to three sentences long. 2 Write your body paragraphs. Each body paragraph should discuss one argument you made in your thesis statement in detail. You should provide evidence such as quotations from the text or the opinions of scholars and experts. You may also want to address common counter-arguments and explain why they are incorrect. 3 Write transitions between your body paragraphs. A transition between two paragraphs takes place either in the last sentence of the first paragraph or the first sentence of the second. It should make the paper flow smoothly, showing how the different points you make are connected. 4 Write a conclusion. Your conclusion should succinctly summarize the arguments you made in your essay, and relate them to broader issues. For example, if you are analyzing themes in a particular piece of fiction, you can relate those themes to the author, his contemporaries, his time period, or even modern times. This makes the essay feel more significant, since it shows how your topic fits within a wider context. 5 Write the introduction. The introduction starts off broad and narrows down to the thesis statement, which forms the end of the intro. For example, if you were talking about the Illiad, you might start talking about Classical Greek literature, then talk about Greek epics, then discuss Homer and finally discuss the Illiad. The intro sets the tone of the essay, because it gives the reader context. 6 Edit the essay for language. A formal essay should use English that is formal, but not stiff. Eliminate slang, conversational tone and idiomatic sayings. Eliminate†you† phrases like â€Å"if you think about it.† Also, eliminate I expressions like â€Å"I will show you,† or â€Å"I believe that.† If you have any doubts about whether or not your language is formal, ask your teacher. 7 Edit the essay for mechanics. Make sure that your sentences are grammatically correct and correctly punctuated. Make sure that any titles of books you refer to are underlined and that you have written citations for any references. You should have a style sheet which tells you how the teacher wants you to cite your sources. 8 If you are allowed to, have a friend or relative read your essay. Ask them to look for technical problems, illogical statements and awkward sentences. Sometimes, an outside reader will be able to catch things that the author misses. Tips & Warnings It is possible to write the introduction first, but usually it’s not the best way to go. It’s difficult to write an introduction when you haven’t completely worked out what you are introducing (i.e. what the essay is arguing). Don’t stress about the language the first time through. Get your points down and make your arguments in a style that feels right to you. Then, come back and rewrite it in more formal language. Read more: How to Write a Formal Essay | eHow.com http://www.ehow.com/how_5104375_write-formal-essay.html#ixzz2LJ5B60PX

Thursday, November 7, 2019

Accounting Differences Essays - Types Of Insurance, American Brands

Accounting Differences Essays - Types Of Insurance, American Brands Accounting Differences General Comments about the Insurance Industry Insurance Companies generate revenues by selling insurance policies. These policies provide a known amount of revenue for an unknown amount of losses offsetting that revenue. This can make the matching principle difficult. Some of the potential losses can come years after the insurance policy was written and the premiums received. The liabilities for these future losses are estimated by actuaries and are subject to a certain amount of interpretation by management. The accounting for the premium revenues is reflected in written vs. earned premium. Various statutory requirements are based on written premium, which is the amount of premium booked in a given accounting period. Earned premium is generally used for recognizing revenues for financial reporting. As insurance policies are written on an annual basis or longer, the premiums (revenues) are spread over the duration of the policy period even if the potential liability exceeds the policy period. The future liability is estimated and booked against the earned premiums. Some costs, however are not matched against this revenue, primarily commissions paid to the insurance agent that sold the policy. This expense is fully recognized at the time the premium is booked. These effects can have both positive and negative implications. In an era of declining written premiums, revenue can actually increase and expenses should decrease because of the costs incurred at the time the policy was written. Very few insurance companies in the United States actually make a profit by selling insurance. The profit is generally made from the investment income earned investing the premiums they receive now, but do not expect to pay out until some point in the future. This paper examines the published financial information of Reliance Group Holdings and Travelers Property Casualty Corp for the fiscal year ending December 31, 1998 and the third quarter reports for the quarter ending September 30, 1999. The letters to the shareholders are examined as well as the financial statements and subsequent notes. An outline of the accounting principles employed by both companies is provided as well as some basic ratio analysis. Reliance Group Holdings, Inc. 1998 Annual Report Letter to Shareholders from Saul Steinberg, Chairmen and CEO and Robert Steinberg, President and Chief Operating Officer. Operating income was up slightly over 1997. Net income was a record due to proceeds from sale of asset, Commonwealth Title. Reliance grew Shareholders Equity by $1.32 billion, highest it has ever been in the history of the company. This may not be significant accomplishment if the company had sustained steady operating and earnings growth over the long run. Reliance had 18% growth in property and casualty premiums, despite continued soft pricing environment and significant catastrophic losses as well as other weather related losses. Combined ratio for 1998 102.1. Combined ratio is a measure of premiums spent to cover losses and expenses. For every dollar in premium revenues, the company spent $1.02 in expenses and losses. Employee and management ownership aligns interests of employees with that of shareholders. The Steinberg's note a successful track record of putting innovative and specialized skills to work. In the third quarter of 1999 it will be noted that several of these innovations were not as profitable as they thought they were. Note disciplined underwriting approach. Reliance National Reliance Group Holdings largest profit center offering specialized property and casualty insurance and risk management services. They broke new ground in overseas expansion and e-commerce opportunities. These e-commerce opportunities are Cybercomp, a program to offer workmen's compensation insurance over the Internet. Reliance National's international sources generated 12% of the total premium in 1998, through offices in London, China and Argentina. Reliance Insurance This is considered a middle market company, writing insurance for small and mid size companies. The Steinbergs feel this is one of the few companies offering a full range of specialized products delivered locally. This means it is underwritten through local branch offices. Reliance National business is largely underwritten centrally, in their head office in New York. Reliance Reinsurance Reinsurance offers a method of limiting exposure for the generators of insurance policies. A reinsurer will take on a portion of a risk for a portion of the premium. Reliance Reinsurance got out of several less attractive lines of business and as they did not act soon enough as significant reserve adjustments

Tuesday, November 5, 2019

In Quest of a Standard American Pronunciation

In Quest of a Standard American Pronunciation In Quest of a Standard American Pronunciation In Quest of a Standard American Pronunciation By Maeve Maddox American English has many regional variants, some of them more comprehensible than others. Along with spelling rules, schools once taught a standard pronunciation. The purpose was to maintain a standard speech easily understood by people in every part of the country and by non-native speakers who learn English as a second language. No one doubted that children were capable of learning the standard speech without abandoning whatever dialect they spoke at home. Now, however, a doctrine of political correctness inhibits the teaching of standard pronunciation with the result that the media has become the final arbiter. Certain pronunciations that were once considered non-standard are catching on, even when they fly in the face of rules I imagined were still being taught in the early grades. Apparently it is now possible to get out of school without learning the most basic rules for forming the plurals of nouns. I think I knew by fourth grade that the nouns life, knife, and wife form their plurals by changing the f to v and adding es. Yet I have heard an announcer on NPR use lifes as the plural of life. Ignoring the First Rule of Silent Final e (e makes the vowel say its name). I was startled to attention one day when I heard someone on the radio talking about gas-powered micro-turbans. I figured out from the context that the intended word was turbines. Another time I heard someone pronounce finite as if it would rhyme with mine it instead of pronouncing both vowels as long is. An NPR reporter once described a scene in which people were wielding staves (plural of staff). She pronounced staves as stavs. The sounds of s, sh, and zh Ive heard the word coercion /co er shun/ pronounced co er zhun, and the word resource /re sors/ pronounced rezorse. One of the most interesting drifts Ive noticed concerns the pronunciation of the noun house /hous/ and its plural houses /houz iz/. (NOTE: When the word house is used as a verb, the s is pronounced /z/.) Until fairly recently, the pronunciation of the plural houses with a soft s /hous iz/ was a nonstandard regionalism not even mentioned in the dictionary. Now, however, the pronunciation has been spread by announcers from the eastern and northern areas of the United States. (The same ones who pronounce tourist /toor ist/ as tor ist.) TV Meltdown Because actors come from different parts of the country, their pronunciations of certain words vary. I listened in fascination one evening to the actors in an episode of Numbers. The plot required them all to say the word houses numerous times. Some of them said /houz iz/ and some said /hous iz/. If I remember correctly, one actor used both pronunciations, in different sentences! Its probably time for English teachers to take a united stand for a standard pronunciation. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Spelling category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:25 Subordinating Conjunctions7 Tips for Writing a Film ReviewNarrative, Plot, and Story

Sunday, November 3, 2019

Term paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 2

Term Paper Example ation; thus, a speaker may mean one thing and the recipient hears something else, resulting in misunderstanding, frustration, and conflict (Grindstaff, 2011). Communication is more than just exchanging information; it involves the understanding of the emotion and intention behind the information. For communication to be effective, it must function as a two-way traffic where it involves not only conveying information, but also listening to make the other person feel heard. Other than the words used, effective communication combines a set of skills, which include; nonverbal communication, managing stress in the environment, engaged listening, assertive communication as well as the ability to understand personal emotions and the emotions of the recipient. Failure to understand the intention of communication can result in a conflict. This is because a skewed understanding of what is spoken or the intention of the communication can lead to action in a manner other than the directives of the information. Thus, to intrinsically understand communication and its aspects, this paper will analyze the subject through a focus on a film, â€Å"Romeo and Juliet, 1968† with categorical inference to the manner with which the characters in the film communicate, understand information and interpreted information from other characters. The paper will equally analyze conflict portrayed in the film owing to the nature of communication employed with a focus on interpersonal conflict, social conflict, conflict management and the psychological aspect of a conflict. Additionally, analysis of the film will help in understanding of nonverbal communication as aspects of communication. Romeo and Juliet is a British-Italian romance film produced in 1968 based on the tragic play by William Shakespeare of the same title between 1591 and 1595. The academic award winning production for the best cinematography was directed and co-written by Franco Zeffirelli and Leonard Whiting. The play begins in

Thursday, October 31, 2019

Allowabe size and configuration of sidewalk cafes in NYC Essay

Allowabe size and configuration of sidewalk cafes in NYC - Essay Example They have been instrumental in giving feasible solutions to idealized proposals of cultural entities and the government. Architects are instrumental in responding to the concerns of both the commercial entities and the public in giving an integrated policy (Loukaitou-Sideris & Ehrenfeucht, 2009). In addition, cultural forces have agitated for a traditional architectural setting whereby culture is integrated into daily activities. This calls for sidewalk spaces that can allow for setting of public emblems and interaction. On the other hand, commercial activities constrain the growth of culture in towns. Academics have complained of the sidewalk policy as ignoring the preferences of the public and consumers. It also ignores the concept of free markets whereby commercial activities control the space in which they operate in the same (McEachern, 2008). This criticism rides on the idea that the government and academics make assumptions of problems in the city. This ignores the feelings of the public of whom the changes are made for the same. This suggests that the public should push for proposals of improving their interests in the city. In this sense, the public pulls away the stake from the academics. Other critiques herald the policy as one-sided since it only concentrates on the public and constrains the growth of small businesses (Kleniewski & Thomas,

Tuesday, October 29, 2019

Are laws that protect us from our own dangerous behaviors (such seat Essay

Are laws that protect us from our own dangerous behaviors (such seat belt or helmet) morally acceptable - Essay Example Controversies over the laws which are basically designed for protecting people from dangerous behavior are problems of paternalism. Paternalism is interference in people’s freedom though it is for their own good. It is like a father making decisions for his kids instead of letting the kids make decisions for them, considering one important thing that father knows best. Wide range and variety of laws, practices and actions are taken into account which is under the principles of paternalism. More like a doctor or physician deciding what is best for his patients and the laws which are designed to restrict the use of cocaine, marijuana, heroin and other drugs. Such plans also include compulsory retirement plans, mandatory seatbelt laws which are designed to protect one’s interest whether they are liked by the people or people detest them. All these paternalistic practices are common, but the question is whether these practices are morally accepted or not. There is conflict of two important values attached with paternalism which include the value is taken into account for protecting and also promoting well being of others, along with the value which is associated with the freedom of persons which make their lead their life according to their wish and choice. When the people are ready to act in certain ways oppose to their own well being and security , an important question arises that are the laws justified which interfere in people’s private choices and matters. This is what leads to the problem of paternalism. There is a majority who would agree that paternalism becomes a justified thing when it is about a person who has limited and also impaired freedom of choices whether the cause of this is limited cognitive capacities or even the ignorance of facts, effects of a disease, influence of drugs and another reason can be due to coercion. Paternalism varies depending on the person, their emotional stability and behavior along with the capacity to understand and know what is best for them. According to many moral philosophers, a competent and a knowledgeable person should be allowed to make decisions freely and they should not be over ridden, though they are for their own person’s good. There was a case voiced by John Stuart Mill who was a British philosopher during the nineteenth century, according to him the only reason due to implement and make laws for the citizens and people of civilized community is to prevent problems and harm to others. Will of one’s own being is not enough physically and even morally. The laws are made for a collective society and laws which are beneficial and important for protecting the society over all. According to Mill, it was important to provide freedom as it is important and crucial for people’s individual personality development. Along with that people should be given a free hand for making choices they wish and like even if the choices are not the best ones. All these individual choices creates ability for people to make decisions and their decision making power will only improve their practices and experiences. Another important view which he holds was that individuals are the best judge for

Sunday, October 27, 2019

Effect of State Control and High Taxes on Economic Growth

Effect of State Control and High Taxes on Economic Growth Theories pertaining to economic development, with particular regard to those suitable for developing countries, have changed significantly during the post Second World War era. These changes have affected the progress of developing economies, which, in this period, have grown with varying degrees of success; marked with notable successes and enormous failures. The formulation of economic policy for a country necessarily needs to deal with numerous issues, including, very importantly, a determination of the extent of state control in the economy. The last few decades have seen sharp differences in elements of economic policy and fluctuations in levels of state control between different countries, as well as in varying degrees of economic performance. State control in the formulation of economic policy characterised economic thinking from the early forties until the late seventies. Classical economists, influenced by thinkers like Rosenstein Rodan and Leibenstein, thought of economic development as a growth process that entailed the â€Å"systematic reallocation of factors of production from a low productivity, traditional technology, decreasing returns, mostly primary sector to a high productivity, modern, increasing returns, mostly industrial sector.† (Adelman, 1999) They also recognised that economic growth, in the long term, does not come about in a linear fashion and is distinguished by a number of stable equilibriums, one of which, the low income level trap, retards progress in underdeveloped economies. Low income and low growth equilibriums, which originally occurred because of low levels of infrastructural and productive capital, are perpetuated by low levels of economic growth, and compounded further by Malthusian population growth. In such situations, uncoordinated and unplanned investments do not, in the first instance, allow for achievements of scale, and along with low incomes, savings, and demand, result in trapping economies in low income level snares. (Adelman, 1999) Classical theorists argued that governmental action, investment in the public sector, and strong state control, were essential to take economies out of the unplanned and uncoordinated, low income, low growth and static equilibriums, to ones that were coordinated, dynamic, and capable of high growth and income. State ownership also had the support of socialist ideology, common planks adopted by the newly independent developing nations, partly on ideological considerations, and partly in reaction to the capitalist doctrines followed by their former colonial masters. Many governments felt strong state control to be the best route to safeguard economic independence and substitute the private sector’s deficiencies in skills, management knowledge, disinclination to take risks, and lack of resolve to take up long gestation projects. State owned enterprises were thought suitable for stabilising agricultural prices, providing employment, taking care of workers, controlling customer pri ces, and generating money that could be used for other public work. (Osterfeld, 1992) Much of the investment and economic policy followed by countries, mostly in the newly independent countries of Asia and Africa, arose out of this thinking, and resulted in huge investments in state run enterprises, as well as in the domination of the state in the making of economic policy. â€Å"During the 1960s and 1970s, the public sector grew rapidly in developing countries, with state-owned enterprises often accounting for most of the growth. This was especially true in developing countries that had recently gained independence.† (Miller, 1997) State ownership did not succeed for various reasons. Even though there was little to dispute in the logic behind its theory, or deny the significant infrastructure created in state run economies, these countries fared miserably in terms of GDP growth, inflation control, agricultural and industrial productivity, literacy improvement, elimination of income disparities, or poverty control. Prone to corruption, influenced by partisan elements, and notoriously inefficient and slow in their interventionist actions, governments came to be thought of to be particularly unsuitable for regulating economic policy or managing commercial companies. The widespread disillusionment with state control led to a neo classical reaction, characterised by a movement towards privatisation, like the one in the UK, during the Thatcher years. Supporters of neo classical economics stress that governmental control and intervention creates problems, rather than solutions, for underdeveloped countries, and furthermore, that liberalisation of trade is sufficient for inducing and motivating development, providing for economies of scale, and making the economy and industry internationally competitive. The optimal course of action for government is to minimise its role in economic policymaking, and improve the spread of market economies and efficiencies. A number of developing countries, racked with inflation, unemployment, sluggish growth, and burgeoning external debt, had to necessarily switch to neo classical economic policies, in the 1980s, many of them under the compulsion of the World Bank, and similar other international lending institutions . Government leaders also embraced privatisation because of their desire to (a) improve efficiency and productivity through private, as well as shared ownership, (b) enable managers to focus on economic and not social objectives, (c) eliminate political influence, (d) promote competition, (e) improve quality of goods and services and (f) reduce prices. Reducing state control, economists felt, would also lead to expansion of capital markets, augmentation of foreign inflows and investments, creation of additional sources of tax revenues, as well as reduction of subsidies and national debt. (Adelman, 1999) While privatisation in developing economies is into its second decade, progress has been uneven, and in some cases, even abysmal. In fact, countries like China and India, where governments play strong roles, have been able to achieve significantly high growth rates. Their governments decisively shifted emphasis to export promotion, pushed through institutional reforms, invested significantly in infrastructure, and engaged in selective industrial policy. Experts are now realising that uniform one-shoe-fits-all policies never work and economic policies have to take account of a number of variables to be relevant, and furthermore successful. The uneven success of many developing countries, even after embracing privatisation, has also led to a consensus that governments need to be strong, capable, and committed to carry through any sort of reforms, even those that deal with opening and liberalisation of economies. Furthermore, reduced state control appears to work better in economies wit h high rates of literacy, stable political environments, established legal systems, developed capital markets, and strong banking structures. Governments need to consider unique country specific attributes, be malleable, and play dynamic and changing roles in education, human capital formation, infrastructure, technology acquisition, setting up of institutions, and in the development of an honest and capable bureaucracy. The scope and ambit of governmental policy can be reduced sharply only after the domestic environment provides adequate savings and skills, entrepreneurs develop in skills, technology and capital formation, and institutions achieve maturity. While education, literacy and formation of human capital have to remain priorities, governments in developing economies need to initially work towards social development, and creation of institutions, as well as infrastructure. (Kiggundu, 2002) Economic policies, institutions, and governmental functions should allow structural change to occur on a continuous basis, and be ready to change with development; the role of government needs to be effective, not minimal. The tax policy of a country is a major component of its total economic policy, and serves the purpose of a tool to collect revenues for governmental spending and guide the growth path of the national economy, as well as sustain and increase its international competitiveness. While the primary role of taxation is to provide money for financing governmental work it also needs to perform other functions like attracting capital, stimulating growth, enable acquisition of technology, stimulate demand and galvanise the economy. While there is universal agreement on the necessity of taxes, there are differences on the levels of taxation regarded as optimal, as well as the point beyond which they cease to be economic drivers, and become dead burdens. In the traditional neo classical models of economic growth, taxation is thought to affect long term output, but not the rate of growth. (Leach, 2003) This theory, however, is being questioned by recent models, which iterate that taxation can affect incentives for investment in human or physical capital, and thereby, adversely influence the long term economic growth rate. Higher taxation takes away the incentive to save (a) by reducing the rate of return on savings, and (b) by reducing the income that generates savings. Lower savings in turn lead to lesser consumption, lowered demand for goods and services, and lesser capital investment, both at personal and corporate levels, and thus to under nourishment of the economy. While research studies have not been able to relate high rates of personal taxation induce individuals to work less, experience has shown that they motivate people to under declare income, manipulate expenses and indulge in falsehood. The same behavioural response holds good for business corporations and other taxpayers. Economies with very high tax rates like India have witnessed large scale evasion of taxes, hoarding of unaccounted wealth in an unproductive manner, and the emergence of a parallel, illegal, underground economy. Transfer of money from the private sector to the public sector through taxation results in making its use more inefficient. Streams of assured money to the public sector and the government pave the way for creation of further inefficiencies and misuse of funds. The reduced rate of growth also leads to a deadweight loss, a term used to explain the loss of output that would have taken place in the absence of tax. Deadweight costs (losses) go unnoticed, even by those who pay them, because instead of taking from people what they already have, they take from people what they would have had, but will never get. No one sees the extra output that would have been created by economic decisions made in the absence of higher taxes. (Leach, 2003) The incidence of deadweight loss, even if it is just half a percent of GDP, can work out to a phenomenal amount, especially if compounded over a period of several years. Several empirical studies have also revealed that economies with lower tax rates perform much better than those that have higher shares of tax. Thus, while developing economies undoubtedly need significant funds for infrastructural build-up it would be reasonable to assume that excessively high tax structures have the potential to retard economic growth and cause significant harm to growth of human capital and infrastructure, the very objectives they aim to achieve. 2. Public Sector Deficits Most economists agree that the role of the government, especially in the context of developing countries, is to form human capital and create infrastructure across educational, technological, financial, physical, environmental and social sectors. The obvious reason for this lies in the inability of private enterprise to do so. In addition to infrastructural development, public sector spending serves to create demand, stimulate growth, and help kick start economies. Funding for these expenses is primarily through collection of taxes, the shortfall being met either through national or international debt, consumption of foreign exchange reserves or printing of bills. Development that occurs because of funds obtained through deficit financing provides a solution to moving out of economic and low income stagnation. While the role of the public sector and its use of deficit financing is one of the tenets of Keynesian economics, many neo liberal economists argue that the theory is impractic al, has many fallacies, and needs to be avoided by developing economies. (Rangachari, 2001) Neo-liberals argue that excessive deficit financing of the public sector can lead to burgeoning of national or international debt, inflation, or foreign exchange crises, depending upon the method adopted. Increased local borrowing can also disincentivise private sector borrowing by sucking out money available with banks, and causing increases in interest rates. Furthermore, the money arranged through deficit financing is very likely to be inappropriately spent because of numerous demands upon public sector funds, political considerations, bureaucratic delays, and corrupt delivery systems. Government expenditure is complex, multifaceted and driven by opposing forces. The task of ensuring proper allocation of money, as well as its efficient usage, is often beyond the ability of career bureaucrats, and results in gross budgetary distortions, increasing deficits, persistently high inflation, high external debt, increasing incidence of tax, and retardation of economic growth. The main arguments advanced by the neo liberals is not against the theory of public spending but its implementation and management, particularly in large and federal systems with multi-tiered distribution mechanisms. While there is truth in their assertions, neo-liberals need to recognise that smaller East Asian economies like Singapore, Malaysia and South Korea have, at some point of time, resorted to deficit financing, but have still been able to achieve high growth rates through efficient fiscal discipline. The crux of the objections of the opposers of deficit financing lies not in the raising of money but in its inefficient and improper use. The success of deficit financing lies in the commitment of the concerned governmental agencies, and in ensuring that deficit financing is resorted to only to the extent necessary. Money raised through deficit financing should not be diverted to meet burgeoning administration expenditure, or to channels that do not aid development. It would be unjust to think of economists who object to the use of deficit financing, as dyed in the wool cynics who prefer markets to work as freely as they can, and furthermore, believe that governments should not favour any sector of the economy over the other. Their arguments are, for the most part, dependent upon the experiences of the last fifty years, wherein numerous governments resorted to unbridled state control, excessive taxation, and heavy deficit financing, with severe repercussions upon growth and development. It needs understanding that most of these countries were coming out of centuries of colonial suppression, had very little of physical and human capital; very often their leaders took decisions without adequate knowledge of the consequences of their decisions or of their ability to control the consequences of such decisions. â€Å"In practice, a state’s capabilities are often as important determinants of its actions as the theoretical rationale.† (Expenditure Policy, 2007) The situation is vastly different now and leaderships of developing countries are both knowledgeable and competent. There is no such thing as a universal doctrine in economics, and governments recognise that the application of one-shoe-fits-all theories, without taking account of individual considerations, has led to grievous and costly errors. The same rationale holds good of deficit financing and the solution is to be circumspect and prudent while using it; a blanket ban could do more harm than good and impede sincere growth efforts. As such, while deficit financing will often be necessary in framing the economic policies of developing nations, decision makers need to be doubly careful about its use and focus on imperatives, namely (a) the formation of human and physical capital, (b) the creation of public and business infrastructure, (c) the build up of banking systems, capital and commodity markets, and economic institutions, (d) the elimination of unnecessary non developmental a nd administrative expenditure, and (e) the creation of a competent, honest and accountable bureaucracy. Such precautions will go a long way towards eliminating the risks associated with high deficits and enable growing nations to make optimum use of the money made available. Bibliography Adelman, A, 1999, The role of government in economic development, University of California at Berkeley, Retrieved May, 3, 2007 from are.berkeley.edu/~adelman/Finn.pdf Beard, A., 1997, World Bank Reconsiders Role of Government: Report Displays Respect for Regulation. The Washington Times, Choudhury, S. R., 1999, Is Privatisation Really the Answer?. African Business 26+. Das, D. K., 2004, Financial Globalization and the Emerging Market Economies. New York: Routledge. Eltis, W., 2000, The Classical Theory of Economic Growth. New York: Palgrave. Expenditure Policy, 2007, The World Bank, Retrieved May 3, 2007 from web.worldbank.org//EXTPEAM/0,,contentMDK:20233612~pagePK:210058~piPK:210062~theSitePK:384393,00.html Ferleger, L. A., Mandle, J. R., 1993, No Pain, No Gain: Taxes, Productivity, and Economic Growth. Challenge, 36(3), 11+. Growth and Trade in Africa Are Lifting People out of Poverty Faster Than Gleneagles Debt Cancellation., 2006, Western Mail (Cardiff, Wales), Kiggundu, M. N., 2002, Managing Globalization in Developing Countries and Transition Economies: Building Capacities for a Changing World. Westport, CT: Praeger. Leach, G, 2003, The negative impact of taxation on economic growth, IOD, Retrieved May 3, 2007 from www.reform.co.uk/filestore/pdf/negativeimpact.pdf Medium-Term Prospects and Policy Issues in Developing Countries., 1990, 61+. Miller, A. N., 1997, Ideological Motivations of Privatization in Great Britain versus Developing Countries. Journal of International Affairs, 50(2), 391+. Osterfeld, D., 1992, Prosperity Versus Planning: How Government Stifles Economic Growth. New York: Oxford University Press. Pietrobelli, C. Sverrisson, à . (Eds.)., 2003, Linking Local and Global Economies: The Ties That Bind. New York: Routledge. Rangachari, A, 2001, Spur economy through deficit financing, the Hindu, Retrieved May 3, 2007 from www.hinduonnet.com/2001/09/20/stories/0620013h.htm Timmer, C. P. (Ed.)., 1991, Agriculture and the State: Growth, Employment, and Poverty in Developing Countries. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press. World Economy Doing Good; Developing Africa, Asia Show Growth., 2006, The Washington Times, p. A17.

Friday, October 25, 2019

Abraham Lincoln Through Many Lenses Essay -- essays research papers

http://www.kkk.bz/kidspart5.htm 4)Who said, "I have no purpose, directly or indirectly, to interfere with the institution of slavery in the states where it exists. I believe I have no lawful right to do so, and I have no inclination to do so." Abraham Lincoln, President of the United States or Jefferson Davis, President , President of the Confederate States of America? Answer: Abraham Lincoln - First Inaugural Address - March 4, 1861. 6) What was the major emphasis of the Emancipation Proclamation? Answer: The Emancipation Proclamation is 540 words long. of those, 400 words limit the proclamation to the states in rebellion - it defines the states in rebellion and states that it is directed ONLY to the states in rebellion. It further says that if those states in rebellion would cease and return to the union within 100 days then they would keep slavery intact. There is always a big fuss made over Lincoln being "the great emancipator." He is continually held up as an example of how this great president fought against the evils of slavery and worked on behalf of racial equality. But is the picture painted of Lincoln by egalitarians the real Abraham Lincoln? One of the most important events in Lincoln's career was the debate with Stephen Douglas. The Lincoln-Douglas debate was actually seven debates held throughout Illinois during the 1858 senatorial campaign. Most people being ignorant of the debate think the debate was about racial equality - that is Douglas favored slavery and thus white supremacy and Lincoln opposed slavery and favored equality. The fact is that many of those who opposed slavery did so not because of their belief in racial equality but because they did not want the import of Negroes into their communities - via slavery. Part of this reason was because of the economic harm that is created for poor whites who were not able to find employment in face of the huge slave population. We find the same problem today due to illegal immigration even though they aren't slaves. Douglas supported what was known as "popular sovereignty." That is, he held to the doctrine that each state had the constitutionally protected right to decide for its self whether it would be a slave or free state. the decision would be as a result of a general election. The debates clearly show Lincoln's position on slavery - he was against it. He... ...as a segregationist. Joseph Sobran Archive Table of Contents Current Column Return to the SOBRAN’S home page SOBRAN’S continues because of your generous donations! Your purchase of products or subscriptions or your donation to SOBRAN’S will be processed by PayPal, ® one of the most widely used and secure Internet-payment sources available. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Search This Site Essays and Articles | Syndicated Columns Wanderer column (â€Å"Washington Watch†) | Sobran’s Cynosure The Shakespeare Library | The Hive | Current and Back Issues What’s New? | WebLinks | Scheduled Appearances Biography of Joe Sobran | How to Subscribe or Renew Contact Us | Products and Gift Ideas | Books by Joe Griffin Internet Syndicate/Griffin Communications Notes from the Webmaster | Lagniappes Page Back to the home page | How to Subscribe or Renew Griffin Internet Syndicate/Griffin Communications Contact Us | Products and Gift Ideas Reprinted with permission Copyright  © 2000 by the Griffin Internet Syndicate, a division of Griffin Communications http://www.sobran.com/columns/1999-2001/001219.shtml

Thursday, October 24, 2019

External/Internal Factors Paper Essay

External/Internal Factors Internal and external factors can affect the four functions of management within a business. Globalization, technology, innovation, diversity, and ethics are key factors that a company must consider in order to be successful and stay competitive with other companies in the same field. This paper will identify the role UPS is taking to be a successful company. UPS is a global company with one of the most widely recognized brands around the world. UPS is also the world’s largest package delivery company and leading global provider of specialized transportation and logistics services (UPS, 2008). The flow of goods, funds and information is managed on a daily basis in more than 200 countries and territories worldwide. Planning – Internal Internal factors affect planning for UPS. Planning is based on knowledge of the company’s finances, type of services provided, quality control, employee motivation and morale. In order for UPS for continue to be a profitable company, management must consider all available options while still delivering quality service and maintaining the happiness of its employees. Finances will depend on the amount of business UPS receives. The demand for services will determine how many employees UPS will hire and train to keep the production line moving to avoid delays in the delivery of packages. Planning – External External factors can also play an important role in planning. Several factors such as weather, gas prices and holidays can affect planning. If possible management must plan around hurricanes, floods, snowstorms and other natural disasters. When gas prices rise, shipping cost increase, which can cause profits to decrease. Holiday’s will also increase the demand for  delivery services and must be planned accordingly. Organizing – Internal UPS is a well-organized company. However, several factors exist which can affect how UPS does business in the industry. Organization is important and plays a major role for UPS and its employees. UPS employees play an essential role in developing an approving perception by its customers. In order to stay organizes; UPS daily operations depend on employees in varies departments. For the internal factors the first line of communication will be the employee which are assigned to take and distribute the orders, then passes the information to the person which loads the delivery trucks. In the distribution center the employees loading the truck and the driver works together to ensure the customers receives their packages in a timely manner. Employees working in the distribution center must make sure the packages are separated and loaded on the trucks correctly. Once the trucks have been loaded the driver is responsible for making the delivers on schedule. Through planning, organizing and effective teamwork the employees are able to keep the customers satisfied. Organizing – External External factors affect how UPS does business. Several factors such as the increase in gas prices, mechanical problems with delivery trucks and or regulatory laws implemented by the US Department of Transportation. According to UPS, the Department of Transportation has modified the shipping paper requirements to include the number and type of packages (UPS, 2008). All hazardous material items shipped must follow the new regulations (UPS, 2008). Due to the new regulations production and delivery time maybe affected. With the increase in gas prices a surcharge may be added to all shipments. Addition steps will need to be taken to make sure delivery trucks maintenance is completed on a routine basis to ensure trucks do not break down because it will cause a delay in the delivering of packages. Company performance is thus affected by such external factors. Leading – Internal Management effectiveness, an internal factor, also affects company performance. Highly effective managers must be leaders of the people around them. A good leader can motivate employees to function and work as a collective unit. At UPS, every employee is assigned a specific duty and  responsibility. To keep the employees aware of the status of the department weekly or monthly meetings are held to facilitate employee/management communications and discuss any problems that may arise. Occasionally, employees will experience problems and report to management immediately for resolution. The role of UPS management is to encourage the employee to perform at a high level of competence. Management must seek to motivate their employees and stay in contact with them in order to meet the goals of the company. Leading – External Based on the information from UPS website, external factors is address in the UPS Code of Business Conduct (UPS, 2008). According to the UPS Cod of Business Conduct, UPS is committed to conducting its business compliance with all applicable laws and regulation in accordance with the highest ethical principles. In addition all employees must comply and abide by the same rules to maintain the UPS status for honesty, integrity and high quality service. The external factors also include reporting employees misconduct by customers, the time frame of delivering packages and customer complaints due to late deliveries or damaged goods. Globalization According to The State of Business Magazine UPS Corporate Globalization, globalization at UPS began in the 1970s outside of the U.S (Robinson). Globalization was implemented in West Germany and Canada when UPS built â€Å"brown operations† that resembled the U.S. domestic model. With the potential of a single European economy on the horizon, in the mid-1980’s UPS recognized a need to expand their operations and expanded their international presence beyond West Germany and Canada (Robinson). UPS customers were looking for an integrated carrier that would handle all the transport requirements, door-to-door in the U.S. and throughout the world. Through an aggressive strategy of acquisitions and service partners agreements UPS was able to a worldwide distribution network. The worldwide distribution network included the first pan-European integrated air and ground distribution network that was similar to the UPS domestic U.S. operation UPS has in place. Today, the UPS service area includes morn than 200 countries and territories as well as every address in and around the United States. Technology In the event of major problems, UPS has an IT professional technology solution department that can be trusted (UPS, 2008). UPS technology system is easy and enables customer to track, rate and ship their packages. The IT department makes sure the system has up-to-date software that enables customers to process their shipments without any delays. By staying organized, UPS customers can be assured their packages will be delivered on time. With the tracking system UPS has in place customers can track the status of packages on the UPS website with a tracking number. UPS delivers internationally and use advanced technology which enables UPS to track and process shipments. Advances in today’s technology allow UPS to reassure its customer important documents are safe. UPS also offers a technology that enables users to have a shortcut on his or her laptop for the purpose of checking the status of shipping and delivery of packages. Innovation In 1991-1999 Consistent Innovation stated in 1993 UPS delivered 11.5 million packages and documents daily for more than one million regular customers (pressroom). Due to the massive volume of clients UPS decided to implement a new system device that could maintain efficiency, keep prices competitive and provide additional customer service. The handheld Delivery Information Acquisition Device (DIAD) was implemented to capture and upload delivery information to the UPS network. The device include a digital image of a recipient’s signature, allowing the driver quicker confirmation of final delivery. The device also allows the driver to stay in contact with the distribution center to provide current information on changes in pick-up schedules and other important messages that need to be relayed. Diversity UPS supports diversity by maintaining respect throughout the company from both employee and customers. This visibly helps direct the way UPS does business with its customers and suppliers and strengthens the bond with a multi-cultural community of friends and neighbors for fast and continual service. Diversity affects every aspect of management including planning, organizing, leading and controlling. In planning UPS must take into account the company is a international company. UPS must consider the carrying customs of its global customers. In order to be effective UPS must train its  employees in both America and abroad in cultural differences and tolerance through continual workshops, seminars or computer-based training. Manager’s delegations Organizing the company forces around the world can be difficult, but UPS must keep tables on all locations. Each location should have a headquarters base for each region and have headquarters report regional activities on a regular basis. Additional requirements are set forth in detain in various individual compliance programs developed by the appropriate departments based on specific expertise and training. UPS drivers have a regular routine for sorting our packages and identifying specific times of delivers. Should a delivery problem occur, the issue is addressed by delegating work to another employee to complete. By researching and understanding UPS policy and procedures the company is doing a good job. As long as the UPS continue to satisfy its customers the company will continue to grow and succeed. References Ups.com (2008). Important Hazardous Materials Regulatory Changes. Retrieved April 15, 2009 from http://www.ups.com/content/us/en/about/news/service_updates/regulatory_update.html Ups.com (2008) IT Professional. Retrieved April 15, 2009 from http://www.ups.com/content/us/en/bussol/itprof/index.html Ups.com (2008). Diversity. Retrieved April 15, 2009 from http:///www.ups.com/content/us/en/bussol/ititprof/index.html Pressroom.com (1991-1999). Consistent Innovation. Retrieved April 16, 2009 from http;//www.pressroom.ups.com/about/history/consistent_container/0,27530 0.html Robinson.edu. The State of Business Magazine UPS Corporate Globalization. Retrieved April 16, 2009 from http://www.robinson.gsu.edu/magazine/forporate.html